B.ING X ( GRAMMAR PART 3)

ADJECTIVE

An Adjective is a word used to qualify a noun or pronoun. There are proper adjective, the adjective of quality or state, the adjective of number or quantity, distributive adjective, demonstrative adjective, interrogative adjective, the possessive adjective.

A. PROPER ADJECTIVE

This is formed from proper noun. They are always capitalized. 

Example: - Indonesian language                                  - English lesson

B. ADJECTIVE OF QUALITY OR STATE

This shows of what quality or what state the person or thing is (clever, dry, fat, golden, wooden, good, heavy, etc). Example: - Agus is a diligent boy.               - Ali is brave man.

C. ADJECTIVE OF NUMBER OR QUANTITY

This shows how many things are there or in what numeral order the thing stands. This adjective is divided into two kinds: Cardinal Number and Ordinal Number.

    1. Cardinal Number: any number used in counting or in showing how many.                                                  Example: - Tommy has two pens                         - He gives me nine books 

    2. Ordinal Number: any number used to indicate the order in particular series.                                               Example: - He is the fourth speaker                      - The third house is mine

    *NB: Indefinite Numeral adjective is adjective which shows number of some kinds, without saying                precisely what the number is (all, some, no, many, few, much, little, any, more, several,                            sundry) Example: - Some books are mine            - Sundry students sent me letters

D. DISTRIBUTIVE ADJECTIVE

A Distributive Adjective is an adjective that refers to individually to all members of a group.                   Example: - Every people have studied          - Each student has a schedule                                                                 - Take either half of that cake        - Neither statement is true

E. DEMONSTRATIVE ADJECTIVE

A Demonstrative Adjective is a word that shows what thing is meant. The words This, That, These and Those when used as modifiers are called demonstrative adjective, because they tell which one or which ones about the nouns they modify. Example: - I like this book             - We saw that play

F. INTERROGATIVE ADJECTIVE

Interrogative Adjective is used to ask a question.                                                                                         Example: - Which language has Jones studied?                                                                                                            -  What time is it?                                                                                                                                          -  Tell me what book do you read? 

G. POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVE

Possessive Adjective is the adjective used to show the possession.                                                              Example: - Where is your book?                 - This is my pen.

NB.       

*ADJECTIVE IN COMPARISON

There are three degrees of comparison of adjective; The positive,The comparative, and the Superlative

* The Way Of Comparing Adjective

1. By using the word "more" for comparative and "most" for superlative.                                             a. In all adjective of more than two syllables.

     b. In the most adjective of two syllables.

2. By adding "- er" for comparative and "- est" for superlative.                                                                a. If the positive ends in two consonants;

      b. If the positive ends in one consonant and preceded by two vowels;

       c. If the positive ends in one consonant and preceded by short vowel;

        d. If the positive ends in " e " ;

        e. If the positive ends in " y " the " y " changed into " i " ;

         f. If the positive ends in " y " is preceded by a vowel : 

         g. There are some words which have to forms in comporative and superlative :

3. Irregular Comparative